4 articles
How nutrient pollution from land tips coastal reefs from kelp forest to turf algae, why the shift is so hard to reverse, and what actually brings the canopy back.
Dr. Mara Ellison ·
Nutrient pollution feeds opportunistic algae that shade and smother kelp, while rotting blooms strip oxygen. How eutrophication degrades kelp coasts.
Dr. Theo Nakamura ·
The ocean is losing oxygen — measurably and globally. How warming and nutrient stress squeeze marine life's air supply, and what that does to kelp forests.
Dr. Lena Fischer ·
Freshwater doesn't stop at the shoreline. Submarine groundwater springs up through seabeds on kelp coasts worldwide — carrying nutrients, cool refuge and sometimes trouble.
Dr. Lena Fischer ·