#sandy-bottom-ecology

2 articles

California Halibut: The Ambusher in the Sand at the Forest's Edge

California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) is the kelp edge's great ambush flatfish — sharp-toothed, colour-shifting and built to lunge into midwater.

Dr. Mara Ellison · September 26, 2026

Encyclopedia8 min read

Speckled Sanddab: The Palm-Sized Flatfish of the Kelp Margin

Meet the speckled sanddab (Citharichthys stigmaeus): a palm-sized flatfish that vanishes into sand, feeds the whole kelp coast, and signals bottom health.

Tom Okafor · September 26, 2026

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