
The AMOC Explained: The Atlantic's Overturning Engine
How the Atlantic's great overturning circulation works, what the observations say about its strength, and why its slowing matters for climate and coasts.
Dr. Lena Fischer ·
14 articles

How the Atlantic's great overturning circulation works, what the observations say about its strength, and why its slowing matters for climate and coasts.
Dr. Lena Fischer ·
A cook's tour of Atlantic Europe's seaweed traditions — laverbread, dulse snacks, carrageen puddings, Brittany's tables — with home-cookable versions of each.
Sofia Andersson ·
Nine volcanic islands in the mid-Atlantic hold warm-water seaweed forests instead of true kelp — plus limpets, groupers and mobulas. An atlas guide to the Azores underwater.
Tom Okafor ·
Nine islands on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge offer lava arches, seamount pinnacles and deep-water kelp gardens — a diver's atlas of volcanic reef ecology in the Azores.
Tom Okafor ·
Off the Sahara's shoulder, the Canary Islands grow seaweed forests in upwelled water — until heatwaves and sea urchins turn them. An atlas of kelp's southern edge.
Dr. Theo Nakamura ·
Cornwall's kelp forests shelter jewel anemones, seals and centuries of Celtic sea history. A regional guide to the coast's reefs and wildlife.
Tom Okafor ·
Twenty-eight miles offshore of Land's End, the Scillies hold England's clearest water, warmest kelp reefs, great grey seal swims and some of British diving's classics.
Tom Okafor ·
Brittany's laminaria beds are Europe's great kelp forests. Where they lie around Molène, Sein and Ouessant, what lives in them, and how to dive the tide races.
Tom Okafor ·
Off Namibia's windswept diamond coast, the Lüderitz upwelling cell brews some of the coldest, richest water in the Benguela — and a desert-shore kelp forest.
Dr. Lena Fischer ·
The Outer Hebrides hold Britain's oceanic kelp frontier — Laminaria forests in gin-clear Atlantic water, shell-sand lagoons and seabird citadels.
Tom Okafor ·
Galicia's drowned river valleys mix upwelled Atlantic riches with a foraging culture older than Spain's seaweed industry. A guide to the rías and their kelp.
Sofia Andersson ·
Winged kelp (Alaria esculenta) is the wave-exposure specialist of Atlantic shores — and a mild, edible kelp. Its biology, range and kitchen appeal.
Dr. Theo Nakamura ·
Ten days scouting Nova Scotia's eastern shore for what could become Tidewright's first Atlantic restoration site: sonar, charts and community halls.
Jack Callum ·
A ría-by-ría field guide to Galicia's drowned southern estuaries — mussel rafts, sea-spaghetti kelps and the Cíes Islands, fed by one of the Atlantic's great upwellings.
Dr. Mara Ellison ·